![]() The modern and historic uses of salts, world consumption figures, and the parallel development of the petroleum and Kali industries are other topics covered. Theories are propounded on the formation of salt domes and deposits that have contributed to one of the most long-lasting controversies of geological history. Methods of obtaining salt are described, including mining, boring, and extracting from sea water. The importance of common salt is revealed through its influence on world exploration, the fight for trade routes, and the establishment of trade and ecclesiastical centers in Western Europe. Maps, drawings, and photographs illustrate geological occurrence, mining operations, and old equipment. After 1850, the chemical era of salt began, with analysis of its composition and purity, its chemical actions, and its technological applications. The topic is treated chronologically up to 1850, salt varieties were differentiated only by taste and appearance. The scientific, historic, and socioeconomic aspects of salt are exhaustively explored for lay readers, historians, and scientists. ![]() Protected by Neptune, the planet of oceans. Her attacks are based around the ocean or sea. Sailor Neptune is a member of the Outer Senshi. The topic is treated chronologically up to 1850, salt varieties were differentiated only by taste and appearance. Sailor Neptune is the Sailor Senshi identity of Michiru Kaiou. Even if it isn't, Marsden thinks that subtle perturbations from other moons, or from the oblate shape of Neptune itself, could have skewed Galatea's orbit.The scientific, historic, and socioeconomic aspects of salt are exhaustively explored for lay readers, historians, and scientists. "My own inclination is that the prediction is off simply because the observations used for it were only from Voyager," he says. For Galatea's orbit to accumulate five degrees of drift in 9 years, its period would have to differ from its predicted value by a mere 0.07 seconds. But for the ring to pull back strongly enough to affect the satellite's orbit, says Carolyn Porco of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of the University of Arizona, it "would have to have substantial mass." She speculates "that there are bigger bodies, which are the source of the dust that we actually see."īrian Marsden of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, isn't so sure that there's a deviation to explain. Galatea's gravity is presumably sweeping the particles into clumps. The Adams ring, lying a mere 1000 kilometers outside Galatea's orbit, has a strange, arclike appearance, indicating that its dust particles are spread unevenly around its full circumference. The difference, they said, is "possibly due to interaction with Neptune's Adams ring." The observations-the first in the 9 years since Galatea was discovered by the Voyager 2 spacecraft-showed that Galatea was 5 +/-1 degrees ahead of its predicted position, or 8.6 minutes ahead of schedule. ![]() To explain this puzzling haste, astronomers are blaming everything from the gravitational tug of Neptune's mysterious Adams ring to the pull of other moons to an error in the original orbital calculations.Ī team led by Claude Roddier of the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Hawaii, Manoa, learned that the 160-kilometer moon was straying from its orbital timetable on 6 July, when they tracked it down with the 3.6-meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on Mauna Kea. But Galatea, a small satellite of Neptune, is ahead of schedule, observers reported this week in a circular of the International Astronomical Union-and no one knows why. Ever since Newton, astronomers have been calculating the orbits of planets and moons and getting them exactly right. ![]()
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